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| Claimant |
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Definition of Claimant
ClaimantPerson or party making request for payment of benefits under the terms of an insurance policy.
Related Terms:Structured SettlementHistorically, damages paid out during settlement of personal physical injury cases were distributed in the form of a lump-sum cash payment to the plaintiff. This windfall was intended to provide for a lifetime of medical and income needs. The claimant or his/her family was then forced into the position of becoming the manager of a large sum of money. SubrogationConditional payments may be made by an insurance company to a disability insurance claimant who has a loss of income claim against a third party who caused or contributed to their disability, however, the insurance company has a right to seek reimbursement of any payments they made to the claimant either from the third party or from any judgement or settlement received by the claimant from the third party. Viatical SettlementA dictionary meaning for the word viatica is "the eucharist as given to a dying person or to one in danger of death". In the context of Viatical settlement it means the selling of one's own life insurance policy to another in exchange for an immediate percentage of the death benefit. The person or in many cases, group of persons buying the rights to the policy have high expectation of the imminent death of the previous owner. The sooner the death of the previous owner, the higher the profit. Consumer knowledge about this subject is poor and little is known about the entities that fund the companies that purchase policies. People should be very careful when considering the sale of their policy, and they should remember a sale of their life insurance means some group of strangers now owns a contract on their life. If a senior finds it difficult to pay for an insurance policy it might be a better choice to request that current beneficiaries take over the burden of paying the premium. The practice selling personal life insurance policies common in the United States and is spilling over into Canada. It would appear to have a definite conflict with Canada's historical view of 'insurable interest'. Accidental Death and DismembermentCoverage that provides a lump-sum payment to you or your survivors if an accident results in the loss of a limb, paralysis or your death. Accidental Death Benefit (ADB)Coverage against accidental death usually payable in addition to base amount of coverage. Accidental Dismemberment: (Credit Insurance)provides additional financial security should an insured Person be dismembered or lose the use of a limb as the result of an accident. Accrued Incomeincome that has been earned but not yet received. For instance, if you have a non-registered guaranteed Investment Certificate (GIC), Mutual Fund or Segregated Equity Fund, growth accrues annually or semi-annually and is taxable annually even though the gain is only paid at maturity of your investment. ![]() Agreement of Purchase and SaleA legal agreement that offers a certain price for a home. The offer may be firm (no conditions attached), or Conditional (certain conditions must be fulfilled before the deal can be closed). Amortization (Credit Insurance)Refers to the reduction of debt by regular payments of interest and principal in order to pay off a loan by maturity. AnnuityA contract which provides an income for a specified period of time, such as a certain number of years or for life. An annuity is like a life insurance policy in reverse. The purchaser gives the life insurance company a lump sum of money and the life insurance company pays the purchaser a regular income, usually monthly. Annuityperiodic payments made to an individual under the terms of the policy. Annuity PeriodThe time between each payment under an annuity. AssumptionAllows a buyer to assume responsibility for an existing loan instead of getting a new loan. The assumption may have to be approved by the lender. Automatic Benefits PaymentAutomatic payment of moneys derived from a benefit. Back To Back AnnuityThis term refers to the simultaneous issue of a life annuity with a non-guaranteed period and a guaranteed life insurance policy [usually whole life or term to 100]. The face value of the life insurance would be the same amount that was used to purchase the annuity. This combination of life annuity providing the highest payout of all types of annuities, along with a guaranteed life insurance policy allowed an uninsurable Person to convert his/her RRSP into the best choice of annuity and guarantee that upon his/her death, the full value of the annuity would be paid tax free through the life insurance policy to his family members. however, in the early 1990's, the Federal tax authorities put a stop to the issuing of standard life rates to rated or uninsurable applicants. Insuring a life annuity in This manner is still an excellent way to provide guaranteed tax free funds to family members but the application for the annuity and the application for the life insurance are separate transactions and today, most likely conducted through two different insurance companies so that there is no suspicion of preferential treatment given to the life insurance application. BackoutWork the framing contractor does after the mechanical (heating, plumbing & electrical) subcontractors finish their phase of work at the rough stage prior to insulating to get the home ready for a municipal frame inspection. Generally, the framing contractor repairs anything disturbed by others and completes all framing necessary to pass a Rough Frame Inspection. ![]() BeneficiaryThe Person designated to receive proceeds entitled by a benefit. payment of a benefit is triggered by an event. BeneficiaryThis is the Person who benefits from the terms of a trust, a will, an RRSP, a RRIF, a LIF, an annuity or a life insurance policy. In relation to RRSP's, RRIF's, LIF's, Annuities and of course life insurance, if the beneficiary is a spouse, parent, offspring or grand-child, they are considered to be a preferred beneficiary. If the insured has named a preferred beneficiary, the death benefit is invariably protected from creditors. There have been some court challenges of This right of protection but so far they have been unsuccessful. See "Creditor Protection" below. A beneficiary under the age of 18 must be represented by an individual guardian over the age of 18 or a public official who represents minors generally. A policy owner may, in the designation of a beneficiary, appoint someone to act as trustee for a minor. death benefits are not subject to income taxes. If you make your beneficiary your estate, the death benefit will be included in your assets for probate. Probate filing fees are currently $14 per thousand of estate value in British Columbia and $15 per thousand of estate value in Ontario. Beneficiary (Credit Insurance)The Person or party designated to receive proceeds entitled by a benefit. payment of a benefit is triggered by an event. In the case of credit insurance, the beneficiary will always be the creditor. Blended Paymentspayments consisting of both a principal and an interest component, paid on a regular basis (e.g. weekly, biweekly, monthly) during the term of the mortgage. The principal portion of payment increases, while the interest portion decreases over the term of the mortgage, but the total regular payment usually does not change. Borrower (Credit Insurance)A consumer who borrows money from a lender. Builder's Risk Insuranceinsurance coverage on a construction project during construction, including extended coverage that may be added for the contract for the customer's protections. Built-Up RoofA roofing composed of three to five layers of asphalt felt laminated with coal tar, pitch, or asphalt. The top is finished with crushed slag or gravel. Generally used on flat or low-pitched roofs. Canadian Deposit Insurance CorporationBetter known as CDIC, This is an organization which insures qualifying deposits and GICs at savings institutions, mainly banks and trust companys, which belong to the CDIC for amounts up to $60,000 and for terms of up to five years. Many types of deposits are not insured, such as mortgage-backed deposits, annuities of duration of more than five years, and mutual funds. Canadian Life and Health Insurance Association (CLHIA)An association of most of the life and health insurance companies in Canada that conducts research and compiles information about the life and health insurance industry in Canada. Cash reservesThe money the buyer has left over after the down payment and all Those closing costs. Cash Surrender ValueBenefit that entitles a policy owner to an amount of money upon cancellation of a policy. ![]() Cash Surrender ValueThis is the amount available to the owner of a life insurance policy upon voluntary termination of the policy before it becomes payable by the death of the life insured. This does not apply to term insurance but only to Those policies which have reduced paid up values and cash surrender values. A cash surrender in lieu of death benefit usually has tax implications. Child Insurance Rider (CIR)insurance or insurability provided on current or future children of insured. Claimrequest for payment of benefits under the terms of an insurance policy. CMHC or GEMICO Insurance PremiumMortgage insurance insures the lender against loss in case of default by the borrower. Mortgage insurance is provided to the lender by CMHC or GEMICO and the premium is paid by the borrower. Co-insuranceIn medical insurance, the insured Person and the insurer sometimes share the cost of services under a policy in a specified ratio, for example 80% by the insurer and 20% by the insured. By This means, the cost of coverage to the insured is reduced. Commercial Business Loan (Credit Insurance)An agreement between a creditor and a borrower, where the creditor has loaned an amount to the borrower for business purposes. Conditional OfferAn offer to purchase subject to conditions. These conditions may relate to financing, or the sale of an existing home. usually a time limit in which the specified conditions must be satisfied is stipulated. Contingent BeneficiaryThis is the Person designated to receive the death benefit of a life insurance policy if the primary beneficiary dies before the life insured. This is a consideration when husband and wife make each other the beneficiary of their coverage. Should they both die in the same car accident or plane crash, the death benefits would go to each others estate and creditor claims could be made against them. Particularly if minor children could be survivors, then a trustee contingent beneficiary should be named. Conversion RightTerm life insurance products are offered as non-convertible or convertible to a certain time in the future. The coversion right has a time limit, usually to the policy holder's age 60 or possibly even age 70. This right means that the policy holder has the right to convert their existing policy to another specific different plan of permanent insurance within the specified time period, without providing evidence of insurability. There is a slightly higher cost for a term policy with the conversion priviledge but it is a valuable feature should a policy holder's health change for the worst and continued insurance coverage becomes a necessity. Cost of InsuranceThe cost of insuring a particular individual under the policy. It is based on the amount of coverage, as well as the underwriting class, age, sex and tobacco consumption of that individual. Creditor (Credit Insurance)A lender or lending institution that offers financing and loans to a borrower, for the purpose of acquiring a commodity. Critical Illness InsuranceCoverage that provides a lump-sum payment should you be diagnosed with a critical illness and survive a pre-determined period of time. There are no restrictions on how you use your benefit. Critical Illness Insurance (Credit Insurance)Coverage that provides a lump-sum payment should you become seriously ill with a specified illness. The payment is made to your creditors to pay off your debt owing. Dead Peasants InsuranceAlso known as "Dead Janitors insurance", This is the practice, where allowed, in several U.S. states, of numerous well known large American Corporations taking out corporate owned life insurance policies on millions of their regular employees, often without the knowledge or consent of Those employees. Corporations profiting from the deaths of their employees [and sometimes ex-employees] have attracted adverse publicity because ultimate death benefits are seldom, even partially passed down to surviving families. Death BenefitAmount paid on death of an insured. Debt (Credit Insurance)money, goods or services that someone is obligated to pay someone else in accordance with an expressed or implied agreement. Debt may or may not be secured. Deemed Dispositionunder certain circumstances, taxation rules assume that a transfer of property has occurred, even though there has not been an actual purchase or sale. This could happen upon death or transfer of ownership. Deferred AnnuityAn annuity providing for income payments to commence at a specified future time. DisabilityInability to work due to injury or sickness. Disability Insuranceinsurance that pays you an ongoing income if you become disabled and are unable to pursue employment or business activities. There are limits to how much you can receive based on your pre-disability earnings. Rates will vary based on occupational duties and length of time in a particular industry. This kind of coverage has a waiting period before you can begin collecting benefits, usually 30, 60 or 90 days. The benefit paying period also varies from 2 years to age 65. A short waiting period will cost more that a longer waiting period. As well, a long benefit paying period will cost more than a short benefit paying period. Disability Insurance (Credit Insurance)Group insurance designed to cover monthly obligations due to a borrower being unable to work due to sickness or injury. Dividend PolicyThis policy governs Canada Life's actions regarding distribution of dividends to policyholders. It's goal is to achieve a dividend distribution that is equitable and timely, and which gives full recognition of the need to ensure the ongoing solidity of the company. It also specifies that distribution to individual policyholders must be equitable between dividend classes and policyholder generations, and among policyholders within any class. Drive UnderA style of home where the garage is located in a basement. DuctworkA system of large tubes, pipes or channels (ducts) designed to deliver air to and from a furnace or other air-handling unit. Earnest moneyA deposit made by potential home buyers during negotiations with the seller. The sum shows a seller that a buyer is serious about purchasing the property. The money usually is counted toward the down payment. Equity-based insuranceLife insurance or annuity product in which the cash value and benefit level fluctuate according to the performance of an equity portfolio. Errors and Omissions Insuranceinsurance coverage purchased by the agent/broker which provides protection against loss incurred by a client because of some negligent act, error, oversight, or omission by the agent/broker. Estate PlanningAn insurance program designed to provide funds for insured's dependents upon death of the insured, and to also conserve, as much as possible, the Personal assets that the insured wants to bequeath to heirs. Fiat MoneyFiat money is paper currency made legal tender by law or fiat. It is not backed by gold or silver and is not necessarily redeemable in coin. This practice has had widespread use for about the last 70 years. If governments produce too much of it, there is a loss of confidence. Even so, governments print it routinely when they need it. The value of fiat money is dependent upon the performance of the economy of the country which issued it. Canada's currency falls into This category. Fire InsuranceBefore a mortgage can be advanced, the purchaser must have arranged fire insurance. A certificate or binder from the insurance company may be required on closing. Forced Air HeatingA common form of heating with natural gas, propane, oil or electricity as a fuel. Air is heated in the furnace and distributed through a set of metal ducts to various areas of the house. GFI -See Ground Fault Current Interrupter
Gross Household IncomeGross household income is the total salary, wages, commissions and other assured income, before deductions, by all household members who are co-applicants for the mortgage. Ground Fault Current InterrupterAn electrical device used to prevent injury from contact with faulty electrical appliances and faulty wiring Group Life InsuranceThis is a very common form of life insurance which is found in employee benefit plans and bank mortgage insurance. In employee benefit plans the form of This insurance is usually one year renewable term insurance. The cost of This coverage is based on the average age of everyone in the group. Therefore a group of young people would have inexpensive rates and an older group would have more expensive rates. Guaranteed Interest Annuity (GIA)Interest bearing investment with fixed rate and term. Guaranteed Interest Certificate (GIC)Interest bearing investment with fixed rate and term. Guaranteed RenewalA promise that a life insurance policy will be renewed without penalty or medical examination after the term has expired. The renewal rate can also be guaranteed. Income SplittingThis is a tax planning strategy of arranging for income to be transferred to family members who are in lower tax brackets than the one earning the income, thus reducing taxes. Even though attribution rules limit income splitting, there are still a number of legitimate ways to do so, such as through the use of spousal RRSPs. Incontestable ClauseThis clause in regular life insurance policy provides for voiding the contract of insurance for up to two years from the date of issue of the coverage if the life insured has failed to disclose important information or if there has been a misrepresentation of a material fact which would have prevented the coverage from being issued in the first place. After the end of two years from issue, a misrepresentation of smoking habits or age can still void or change the policy. Individual Insuranceinsurance that is offered to individuals rather than groups. Insurance ActIn Canada, a general statute that contains most of the insurance law of a common law province, and regulates the conduct of insurers and insurance agents within the province. Insurance Policy (Credit Insurance)A policy under which the insurance company promises to pay a benefit of the Person who is insured. IntestateThis means dying without a will, in which case the provincial laws of the province in which the death occurred apply to the manner in which assets will be distributed. In other words, if you don't write your own will, the government will do it for you after your death and it may not be as you would have wished. Irrevocable BeneficiaryLegal designation that cannot be contested. (See beneficiary) Job Loss Insurance (Credit Insurance)Coverage that can pay down your debt should you become involuntarily unemployed. The payment is made to your creditors to reduce your debt owing. Joint Policy Lifeone insurance policy that covers two lives, and generally provides for payment at the time of the first insured's death. It could also be Structured to pay on second death basis for estate planning purposes. Lease (Credit Insurance)Contract granting use of real estate, equipment or other fixed assets for a specified period of time in exchange for payment. The owner or a leased property is the lessor and the user the lessee. Lender (Credit Insurance)Individual or firm that extends money to a borrower with the expectation of being repaid, usually with interest. Lenders create debt in the form of loans. Lenders include financial institutions, leasing companies government lending agencies and automobile dealers. Level Premium Life InsuranceThis is a type of insurance for which the cost is distributed evenly over the premium payment period. The premium remains the same from year to year and is more than actual cost of protection in the earlier years of the policy and less than the actual cost of protection in the later years. The excess paid in the early years builds up a reserve to cover the higher cost in the later years. Life Income FundCommonly known as a LIF, This is one of the options available to locked in Registered Pension Plan (RPP) holders for income payout as opposed to Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) holders choice of payout through Registered Retirement income funds (RRIF). A LIF must be converted to a unisex annuity by the time the holder reaches age 80. Life Insuranceinsurance that provides protection against an economic loss caused by death of the Person insured. Life Insurance (Credit Insurance)Group Term life insurance that pays or reduces the balance due on a loan if the borrower dies before the loan is repaid. Life Underwriterinsurance Agent. Medical Information BureauThis organization was established in 1902. The medical Information Bureau (M.I.B.) is a non-profit association of life insurance companies. Its purpose is to detect and deter fraud by providing warnings called, alerts, to member companies. For example, if an insurance applicant advised one insurance company of a heart attack and then applied to another insurance company omitting This history, codes, reported by the first insurance company, indicating a heart attack would alert the second insurance company to the undisclosed history. It is a rarity, however, that the alert is the only notice of a specific medical impairement as most applicants completely disclose their history. Metal Insulation Support16" or 24" wire rod or crisscrossed wire to hold floor insulation in place. Money LaunderingThis is the process by which "dirty money" generated by criminal activities is converted through legitimate businesses into assets that cannot be easily traced back to their illegal origins. Mortgage (Credit Insurance)An agreement between a creditor and a borrower, where the creditor has loaned an amount to the borrower for purposes of purchasing a loan secured by a home. Mortgage Critical Illness InsuranceMortgage Critical Illness insurance is available as an enhancement to Mortgage Life insurance. It is usually underwritten by the Assurance company. Complete details of benefits, exclusions and limitations are contained in the Certificate of insurance. It is recommended for all mortgagors. It can pay off your mortgage -- up predefined limit -- if you are diagnosed with life-threatening cancer, heart attack or stroke. Mortgage InsuranceCommonly sold in the form of reducing term life insurance by lending institutions, This is life insurance with a death benefit reducing to zero over a specific period of time, usually 20 to 25 years. In most instances, the cost of coverage remains level, while the death benefit continues to decline. Re-stated, the cost of This kind of insurance is actually increasing since less death benefit is paid as the outstanding mortgage balance decreases while the cost remains the same. Lending institutions are the most popular sources for This kind of coverage because it is usually sold during the purchase of a new mortgage. The untrained institution mortgage sales Person often gives the impression that This is the only place mortgage insurance can be purchased but it is more efficiently purchased at a lower cost and with more flexibility, directly from traditional life insurance companies. No matter where it is purchased, the reducing term insurance death benefit reduces over a set period of years. Most consumers are up-sizing their residences, not down-sizing, so it is likely that more coverage is required as years pass, rather than less coverage. Mortgage Life InsuranceA form of reducing term insurance recommended for all mortgagors. If you die, have a terminal illness, or suffer an accident, the insurance can pay the balance owing on the mortgage. The intent is to protect survivors from the loss of their homes. Mortgage Life insurance (Credit Insurance)Decreasing term life insurance that provides a death benefit amount corresponding to the decreasing amount owed on a mortgage. Non-Medical LimitThis is the maximum value of a policy that an insurance company will issue without the applicant taking a medical examination, although medical questions are invariably asked during the application process. When a non-medical issue is made through group insurance, in most cases, medical data is not requested at all. Non-participating PolicyA type of insurance policy or annuity in which the owner does not receive dividends. Paid-Up AdditionsA type of insurance policy or annuity in which the owner receives dividends, typically increases the death. Participating PolicyA policy offers the potential of sharing in the success of an insurance company through the receipt of dividends. Payment FrequencyThe choice of making regular mortgage payments every week, every other week, twice a month or monthly. Personal Line of credit (Credit Insurance)A bank's commitment to make loans to a borrower up to a specified maximum during a specific period, usually one year. PolicyA written document that serves as evidence of insurance coverage and contains pertinent information about the benefits, coverage and owner, as well as its associated directives and obligations. Policy AnniversaryYearly event linked to a policy. usually the date issued. Policy DateDate on which the insurance company assumes responsibilities for the obligations outlined in a policy. Policy FeeAdministrative charge included in a policy Premium. Policy FeeThis is an administrative fee which is part of most life insurance policies. It ranges from about $40 to as much as $100 per year per policy. It is not a separate fee. It is incorporated in the regular monthly, quarterly, semi-annual or annual payment that you make for your policy. Knowing about This hidden fee is important because some insurance companies offer a policy fee discount on additional policies purchased under certain conditions. Sometimes they reduce the policy fee or waive it altogether on one or more additional policies purchased at the same time and billed to the same address. The rules are slightly different depending on the insurance company. There could be enormous savings if several people in the same family or business were intending to purchase coverage at the same time. Policy YearPeriod between two policy anniversaries. PolicyholderThis is the Person who owns a life insurance policy. This is usually the insured Person, but it may also be a relative of the insured, a partnership or a corporation. There are instances in marriage breakup (or relationship breakup with dependent children) where appropriate life insurance on the support provider, owned and paid for by the ex-spouse receiving the support is an acceptable method of ensuring future security. Related to : home, mortgage, insurance, homebuyer, real estate, property, buy home, home insurance, financing, home financing, home buyer, first time homebuyer, homes, homebuying, credit, condo. DBA : Database Services by DB-Master.com |